What actually happens to your crypto when you die? Has anyone dealt with this as an executor?

Genuine question not trying to sell anything, just had a rabbit hole moment today.

Read about a family who inherited their dad's estate. Grant of probate. Death certificate. Everything legal.

They found his Ledger in a drawer.

Nobody knew the PIN. Nobody knew the recovery phrase. Nobody knew which exchanges he used.

Legally theirs. Practically gone forever.

This got me thinking how many people actually have a plan for this?

From what I can tell, the problem is bigger than just crypto:

• Hardware wallets need PINs and seed phrases
• Exchange accounts need 2FA that dies with your phone
• Even email accounts that everything else is tied to become inaccessible
• HMRC (UK) treats crypto as property for inheritance tax so your estate owes tax on assets they can't even access

Some numbers floating around:

• $68B estimated inaccessible due to lost keys (Chainalysis)
• 89% of holders have no inheritance plan

Has anyone here actually dealt with this as an executor? Did exchanges cooperate? Were you able to recover hardware wallet funds?

And genuinely do you have any kind of plan set up for your own holdings? Curious what people actually do in practice.